Hi folks! This is my first video for 2019 and I would like to wish everyone a great and fruitful year ahead!
In this video we want to discuss how to determine the number of monosubstituted products when an alkane undergoes free radical substitution.
We also want to estimate the expected ratio of these products.
We will be using 2 alkanes for examples: butane and 2-methylbutane.
Let's take a look at the first example butane:
The first thing is to determine the number of products when butane undergoes monosubstitution.
What we need to consider is this:
How many different types of carbon are there in this alkane?
From the structure of butane we can find 2 different types of carbon.
So therefore we would expect 2 different monochloroalkane products: 1-chlorobutane and 2-chlorobutane.
Next we want to determine the ratio of these products.
Assuming the likelihood of substitution at each C-H bond is the same, we can then use probability to predict the ratio.
So what we focus on next is this:
How many C-H bonds are there for each type of carbon?
By looking at the structure of butane, we can determine that substituting 6 C-H for Carbon-1 will form 1-chlorobutane and substituting 4 C-H for Carbon-2 will form 2-chlorobutane.
So the ratio between 1-chlorobutane and 2-chlorobutane will be 6:4 or 3:2.
Let's consider the second example 2-methylbutane.
There are 4 different types of carbon so there will be 4 monosubstituted products.
The number of C-H bonds for each type of carbon are listed below:
Carbon-1 has 6 C-H bonds
Carbon-2 has 1 C-H bond
Carbon-3 has 2 C-H bonds
Carbon-4 has 3 C-H bonds
So therefore the ratio of monosubstituted products 1, 2, 3 and 4 will be 6:1:2:3.
For the detailed step-by-step discussion on how to determine the number of free radical substitution products and their ratio, check out this video now!
Topic: Alkanes, Organic Chemistry, A Level Chemistry, Singapore
Found this video useful?
Please LIKE this video and SHARE it with your friends!
Any feedback, comments or questions to clarify?
Suggestions for new video lessons?
Drop them in the COMMENTS Section, I would love to hear from you!
You can also view this video lesson with screenshots and detailed explanation at https://chemistryguru.com.sg/predict-...
Do check out the following for more video lessons:
Organic Chemistry Videos at https://chemistryguru.com.sg/a-level-...
A Level Chemistry Videos at https://chemistryguru.com.sg/a-level-...
If you are looking for H2 Chemistry Tuition, do consider taking up my classes at Bishan. More info at https://chemistryguru.com.sg/
Or you can save both time and cost by learning A Level Chemistry online! Find out more at https://chemistryguru.com.sg/a-level-...
Read my students' testimonials at https://chemistryguru.com.sg/a-level-...
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Please watch my latest video: "Determine Limiting Reagent"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rdJsG...
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Predict Number of Products for Free Radical Substitution | |
| 4 Likes | 4 Dislikes |
| 53 views views | 1,940 followers |
| Education | Upload TimePublished on 7 Jan 2019 |
Không có nhận xét nào:
Đăng nhận xét