Alkanes are generally unreactive due to their non-polar nature and only reacts with free radicals via substitution reaction.
The Free Radical Substitution Mechanism of Alkanes is divided into 3 steps. In the first initiation step the bond between halogens is cleaved homolytically to form reactive odd electron species or radicals in the presence of UV light.
In the second propagation steps the X radical attacks the alkane to generate an alkyl radical, which in turn attacks an X2 halogen molecule to form a halogenoalkane. Propagation steps always generate reactive radicals as products hence the reaction propagates and continues. All propagation steps involve homolytic fission and fusion.
In the final termination step, two radicals collide to form a stable molecule and hence the products are no longer reactive. Eventually as all the radicals in the reaction mixture undergo termination step, the reaction will cease.
To learn how to describe the Free Radical Substitution Mechanism for Alkanes, watch this video tutorial now!
Topic - Alkanes, Organic Chemistry, JC, H2, A Level Chemistry, Singapore
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How to describe Free Radical Substitution Mechanism of Alkanes - H2ChemHacks |
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